Cuba Houghton

Kenya’s public debt finances Vision 2030 aspirations in health and education, yet escalating payments constrain fiscal space. A 30-year analysis reveals debt’s negative impact on social spending, moderated by stronger governance—voice, accountability, rule of law, effectiveness, and anti-corruption.

Programme Based Budgets (PBBs) in Kenya, adopted since FY 2013/14, improve budget planning by prioritizing effective services with clear targets. This guide reviews county PBBs, highlighting successes and improvement areas, based on legal requirements and global best practices.

The CFSP sets the total budget size and the resource envelope for the coming fiscal year, while establishing the broad county priorities to guide budget formulation and implementation for that year. This guide reviews county CFSPs, highlighting successes and improvement areas, based on legal requirements and global best practices.

This paper seeks to determine Kenya’s national climate adaptation funding over five years, noting transparency challenges, and plan future research on county spending and comprehensive climate finance analysis.

Bajeti Hub identifies persistent social protection budgeting issues—fragmentation, poor data, and policy gaps. This paper explores these and provides insights and a budget guide for stakeholders and the public.